Q3. (A) Read the following extract and answer the questions given below: (11)
Dairy farming is a major livelihood followed by many households in rural areas. This includes rearing milk cattle - cows, buffaloes, goats and sheep. There is a shortage of milk in the country as consumption in both urban and rural areas has risen sharply.
Dairying is an important source of subsidiary income to marginal farmers and agricultural labours. They play a very important role in milk production of the country. In 1986 - 87, about 73 percent of rural households owned livestock. According to the National Sample Survey of 1993 - 94, livestock sector produces regular employment to about 9.8 million persons in principal status and 8.6 million in subsidiary status, which constitute about 5 percent of the total work force.
The Manure from animals provides a good source of organic matter for improving soil fertility and crop yields. The gas obtained by processing dung is used as a fuel for domestic purposes and also for running engines to draw water from wells. The surplus fodder and agricultural by - products are gainfully utilized for feeding the animals. Since agriculture is mostly seasonal, there is a possibility of finding employment throughout the year for many persons through dairy farming.
The milk processing industry is a small one. Only 10 percent of all the milk produced is delivered to some 400 dairy plants. A specific Indian phenomenon is the unorganized sector of milkmen and vendors, which handles around 65 - 70 percent of the national milk production. They collect milk from local producers and sell it in both urban and non - urban areas.
B. Summary:
Write a summary of the above extract with the help of the following points and suggest a suitable title: (4)
Dairy forming - major livelihood - income and employment source - uses of dung - uses of surplus fodder - role or unorganised sector.
Ans.
Dairy farming a best Source of Income.
Dairy farming can become a best source of income and generate employment opportunities to people. The manure from animals provides a good source of organic matter for improving soil fertility and crop yields. The gobar gas obtained by processing dung is used as fuel for domestic purposes and lastly the fuel helps to run engines and to draw water from wells. The surplus fodder and agricultural by products are used to feed animals. In this way dairy farming beneficial for farmers besides getting milk. The National Sample Survey of 1993 - 94 provides the information that, livestock sector produces regular employment to about 9.8 million persons in principal status and 8.6 million in subsidiary status. It constitute about 5 % of the total work force.
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